How Mighty Dams are Built
Category: Engineering
Introduction: Dams, majestic structures that tame rivers and shape landscapes, are marvels of modern engineering. Here's a simplified explanation of how these massive barriers are constructed.
Main Explanation: Dams are typically built in stages. Firstly, engineers conduct thorough surveys to determine the ideal location and design for the dam. They consider factors such as the river's flow rate, geology, and potential environmental impacts.
Once the design is finalized, construction begins with preparing the foundation. This may involve excavating rock or compacting soil to create a solid base for the dam. Next, workers start building the actual structure. Large concrete blocks or earth embankments are gradually stacked layer by layer, forming the massive wall of the dam.
As the dam grows taller, it exerts immense pressure on the water behind it. To prevent this pressure from damaging the structure, engineers install various safety measures. They create spillways to release excess water during floods and use drainage systems to control seepage.